首先要定義幾個變量與數(shù)組:
a
:表示隊(duì)列的數(shù)組
rear
:表示隊(duì)列尾,這里初始化為0
(入隊(duì)一個元素下標(biāo)就往后移動一位)
front
:表示隊(duì)列頭,同樣初始化為0
(出隊(duì)一個元素下標(biāo)就往后移動一位)
maxsize
:最大下標(biāo),這里初始化為4,但是隊(duì)列只能存放3個。(隊(duì)列的長度加一)
這里數(shù)組預(yù)留出的一個位置用來判斷隊(duì)列的空或滿。
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參考下面的圖方便理解:
此時元素個數(shù)為3已經(jīng)是滿了的,因?yàn)閿?shù)組個數(shù)是有效的元素個數(shù)加一。
注:元素下標(biāo)只能為0——3
實(shí)例代碼如下:
//數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)——隊(duì)列 import java.util.Scanner; public class Queue { int[] a ; int rear; int front; int maxsize; public static void main(String[] args) { Queue queue = new Queue(); Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); int i; do { System.out.println("請輸入:1入隊(duì) 2出隊(duì) 3查看 0退出"); i = scan.nextInt(); switch(i) { case 1: System.out.println("請輸入要入隊(duì)的元素:"); queue.addQueue(scan.nextInt()); break; case 2: queue.exitQueue(); break; case 3: queue.showqueue(); break; } }while(i!=0); System.out.println("退出成功"); } //構(gòu)造函數(shù) public Queue(){ a = new int[4]; rear = 0; front = 0; maxsize = 4; } //判斷隊(duì)列是否為空 public boolean judgeNull() { return rear == front; } //判斷隊(duì)列是否已滿 public boolean judgeFull() { return (rear+1) % maxsize == front; } //入隊(duì) public void addQueue(int num) { //判斷,若隊(duì)列已滿則結(jié)束,不滿則將其添加 if(judgeFull()) { System.out.println("隊(duì)列已滿"); return ; } a[rear] = num; rear = (rear+1) % maxsize; } //出隊(duì) public void exitQueue() { //判斷,若隊(duì)列為空則結(jié)束,非空則將其最前的元素取出 if(judgeNull()) { System.out.println("隊(duì)列為空"); return ; } front = (front+1) % maxsize; } //顯示隊(duì)列的元素 public void showqueue() { if(judgeNull()) { System.out.println("隊(duì)列為空"); return ; } for (int i = front; i < front+count(); i++) { System.out.printf("a[%d] = %dn",i%maxsize,a[i%maxsize]); } } //求出隊(duì)列的有效個數(shù) public int count() { return (rear+maxsize-front)%maxsize; } }
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